Here you'll find details about researches effects.
Improves laying speed by 10% for each level.
Improves units hitpoints by 10% for each level.
Improves damage by 10% for each level
Unlocks new buildings and reduces building time by 10% for each level.
Reduces hunting time by 10% for each level.
Enables you to raise one more hunting at a time for each level.
Reduces time for convoys and attacks by 10% for each level.
Enables you to raise one more attack on a player at a time for each level.
educes time for convoys by 10% for each level.
Unlocks units, buildings or researches.
With the researches you're doing in the lab ... 1 point per research.